Statistical Terms Glossary

Are the products that are sold quickly at relatively low cost. Though the absolute profit made on FMCG products is relatively small, they generally sell in large quantities, so the cumulative profit on such products can be large. FMCG products are generally replaced or fully used up over a short period of days, weeks, or months, and within one year. This contrasts with durable goods or major appliances such as kitchen appliances, which are generally replaced over a period of several years.

Are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military government agencies and by government contractors. Many FIPS standards are modified versions of standards used in the wider community (ANSI, IEEE, ISO, etc.)

A submarine telecommunications cable linking the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait

Is a glass or plastic fiber that carries light along its length.

A cable containing one or more optical fibers. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment where the cable will be deployed.

Is a 28,000-kilometer-long submarine communications cable containing optical fiber that connects the United Kingdom, Japan, and many places in between. The cable is operated by India's Flag Telecom, a fully-owned subsidiary of Reliance Communications. The system runs from the eastern coast of North America to Japan.[1] Its Europe-Asia segment is the fourth longest[2] cable in the world.

Fiber to the x (FTTx) is a generic term for any broadband network architecture that uses optical fiber to replace all or part of the usual metal local loop used for last mile telecommunications. The generic term originated as a generalization of several configurations of fiber deployment (FTTN, FTTC, FTTB, FTTH...), all starting by FTT but differentiated by the last letter, which is substituted by an x in the generalization. Fiber-to-the-building or Fiber-to-the-basement - fiber reaches the boundary of the building, such as the basement in an multidwelling unit, with the final connection to the individual living space being made via alterative means.

Fiber-to-the-cabinet or fiber-to-the-curb - fiber is terminated in a street cabinet typically closer than 300m of the customer premises, with the final connection being copper.

This term is used in several contexts: as a blanket term for both FTTH and FTTB, or where the fiber network includes both homes and small businesses.

A protocol to share and transfer the files between two hosts through TCP/IP.

A hardware- and/or software-based system that is used as an interface between the internet and a computer system to monitor and filter incoming and outgoing communications.

Is the tendency for different technological systems to evolve towards performing similar tasks. Convergence can refer to previously separate technologies such as voice (and telephony features), data (and productivity applications) and video that now share resources and interact with each other, synergistically creating new efficiencies. A clear trend is emerging in the form of fixed and mobile telephony convergence (FMC). The aim is to provide both services with a single phone, which could switch between networks ad hoc. Several industry standardisation activities have been completed in this area such as the Voice call continuity (VCC) specifications defined by the 3GPP.

A single item from a related group considered as the most important, often in establishing a public image.

Refers to a pricing structure that charges a single fixed fee for a service, regardless of usage. Rarely, it may refer to a rate that does not vary with usage or time of use. Another term used is "flate", a hybrid of "flat" and "rate".

Access to call origination services for calls to internet service providers which is charged at an unmetered or flat rate.

A type of computer storage medium, capable of storing up to 2 MB of data. Most commonly available in 3.5 inch size.

Frame relay is a method of transporting HDLC frames within a network whereby the network nodes provide error detection without retransmission. Retransmissions are done at the endpoints of the network only.

A fraud is an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual; the related adjective is fraudulent.

Is software that is liberally licensed to grant the right of users to use, study, change, and improve its design through the availability of its source code. This approach has gained both momentum and acceptance as the potential benefits have been increasingly recognized by both individuals and corporate players.

Bunch and to coordinate competences provided by various local, national and international enterprises and institutions, which are highly specialized in the Free Software area.

Amplitude changes of the modulating signal are used to vary the instantaneous frequency of the carrier wave from its unmodulated value.

The complete range of frequencies of electromagnetic waves from the lowest to the highest, including, in order, radio, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, and gamma ray waves.

The spectrum or range of radio frequencies available for communication, industrial, and other uses.

FTTH which provides requirements for sound, picture and all communications services.

<communications> (GPRS) A GSM data transmission technique that does not set up a continuous channel from a portable terminal for the transmission and reception of data, but transmits and receives data in packets. It makes very efficient use of available radio spectrum, and users pay only for the volume of data sent and received.