Advocated chiefly by the World Bank, smart economics is an approach to define gender equality as an integral part of economic development and aims to spur development through investing more efficiently in women and girls. It stresses that the gap between men and women in human capital, economic opportunities and voice/agency is a chief obstacle in achieving more efficient development. The Bank proclaimed that investing in women “speeds economic development by raising productivity and promoting the more efficient use of resources; it produces significant social returns, improving child survival and reducing fertility, and it has considerable intergenerational pay-offs.” Under smart economics, falls the ‘business case’ for gender equality and the empowerment of women, by businesses and enterprises which are interested in contributing to social good. A good example is the “Girl Effect initiative” of the Nike Foundation.