During the last five and a half decades, Indian agriculture has witnessed numerous changes. The major transformation took place with the introduction of high-yielding varieties of crops in the mid-1960s. This innovation, coupled with investments in irrigation infrastructure, expansion of credit, marketing and processing facilities led to a significant increase in the use of modern inputs. These developments raised agricultural productivity and led to a substantial increase in the supplies of various agricultural products for markets rather than for own consumption by the farm households. The “green revolution” has been followed by the “white revolution”, “yellow revolution” and then the “blue revolution”, leading to an increase in the output of milk, oilseeds and fish and fish products, respectively.