Statistical Terms Glossary

A situation wherein someone, particularly a woman, has been promoted into a risky, difficult job where the chances of failure are higher.

Is sometimes used to describe the rapid promotion of men over women, especially into management, in female-dominated fields like nursing.

It describes the theory that some factor both limits women's progress but also limits their numbers in situations like imprisonment. Biological factors are often quoted, although obviously any research into this would be highly contentious.

Two small pieces of specially made glass or transparent plastic worn in front of the eyes to improve sight and held in place with a frame that reaches back over the ears.

Its provides a standardized framework for characterizing climate, soil and terrain conditions relevant to agricultural production. FAO's GAEZ system produces an optimistic outlook for world food production - and reveals limits to growth in several regions.

Bond issued simultaneously in the U.S. and other markets. The World Bank issued this kind of bond for the first time in June 1989.

A measurement of impact of disease combining years of life lost to premature mortality plus years of life lost to time lived in states of less than full health, measured by disability-adjusted life-years.

Authority given by the Board to IFC to purchase contracts with interest rate ceilings (caps) and then sell to its borrowers. It reflects the total amount of caps, in dollars, that IFC is authorized to make.

This is a concept used to describe the ways in which care responsibilities are transferred from one household to another, across national borders, forming chains. As individuals move, work in the care sector is internationalized. Through these chains, households in different places around the world are interconnected, as they transfer care giving tasks from one household to another based on power hierarchies such as gender, ethnicity, social class, and place of origin. Global care chains are a phenomenon which is taking place within the context of globalization, feminization of migration, and the transformation of social welfare states. Chains are formed when women migrate to work in the care sector (domestic work, personal healthcare services, etc.), while transferring care work in their own households in origin and sometimes in destination to other women.

Global commons are natural assets outside national jurisdiction such as the oceans, outer space and the Antarctic

Unit where the strategic decisions referring to an enterprise group are taken. The term UCI, ultimate controlling institutional unit, is equivalent to this term.

Launched in March 2002, this semiannual IMF publication focuses on current conditions in global financial markets, highlighting issues of financial imbalances and structural problems that could pose risks to financial market stability and sustained market access by emerging market borrowers.

The group head is a parent legal unit of an enterprise group, which is not controlled either directly or indirectly by any other legal unit. In the case of multinational enterprise groups global and domestic group heads can be identified. The global group head is the group head of the multinational enterprise group, the domestic group head is on the top of the truncated national part of the multinational enterprise group.

Is a joint department of the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation (IFC). Bringing together IFC's experience in private sector investment transactions and the World Bank's expertise in policy and regulatory matters, GICT promotes access to information and communication technologies in developing countries.

<communications> (GPS) A system for determining position on the Earth's surface by comparing radio signals from several satellites. When completed the system will consist of 24 satellites equipped with radio transmitters and atomic clocks.

Authority given to IFC by the Board to borrow from the markets up to a level of US$250 million equivalent through private placements and direct institutional loans.

<communications> (GSM, originally "Groupe de travail Special pour les services Mobiles") A standard for digital cellular communications (in the process of being) adopted by over 60 countries. The GSM standard is currently used in the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands.