Statistical Terms Glossary

See Anti-dumping duty

Material laid beneath or wedged between cargo to prevent damage during transport.

A duopoly is an industry consisting of two sellers. It is therefore a special case of oligopoly. In industrial organization economic theory, duopoly is often analysed as a simplified example of oligopoly behaviour.

A consumption good that can be used repeatedly or continuously for purposes of consumption over a long period of time, typically several years.

A durable good is one which may be used repeatedly or continuously over a period of more than a year, assuming a normal or average rate of physical usage.

An input that can be continuously used over a period longer than the time period being used in the index which is generally a month or a quarter. In practice an input that can be used for several years.

Duration is the weighted average term to maturity of a debt instrument. The time period until the receipt/payment of each cash flow, such as six months, is weighted by the present value of that cash flow, as a proportion of the present value of total cash flows over the life of the instrument. Present value can be calculated using the yield to maturity or another interest rate. The more the cash flows are concentrated toward the early part of a debt instrument’s life, the shorter the duration relative to the time to maturity.

The weighted average maturity of all cash flows (inclusive of principal repayments) resulting from an investment or category of investments, the weighting to be given to each cash flow being the relative contribution of its present value to the total current market value of such investment or category of investments.

Duration of a fixed income instrument is a weighted average term to maturity. The time delay until the receipt of each cash flow is weighted by the contribution of that cash flow to the total present value of the bond.

Refers to the interval of time between the day, month and year of marriage to date. It is often expressed in completed years.

Programme duration refers to the standard number of years in which a student can complete the education programme.

It is the duration the person’s stay in the current place of residence in which the person lived until the date of the Census, in completed years without any attention to the months or days.

The duration of residence is the interval of time up to the date of the census, expressed in complete years, during which each person has lived in (a) the locality that is his or her usual residence at the time of the census and (b) the major or smaller civil division in which that locality is situated.

The duration of stay for a traveller to be considered engaged in a tourism activity in a locality, his/her stay in this place must last less than one consecutive year. When a visitor stays in a place for longer than one year, this place becomes part of his/her new usual environment and he/she ceases to be considered a visitor to it. On the other hand, those engaged in short-term courses or stays (e.g., summer courses, summer camps, medical treatment of short duration) are visitors to the location visited.

Refers to the duration of the period during which the person recorded as unemployed was seeking or available for work. The reported duration should consist of a continuous period of time up to the reference period.

Dust refers to particles light enough to be suspended in air

A dust arrester is a device for catching dust, usually from flue gases. Consequently, much of the dust caught is fly ash

A competitive bidding technique sometimes used in U.S. securities markets, whereby the lowest price necessary to sell the entire amount of securities offered becomes the price at which all securities are sold.

Note on which the coupon is repriced every 35 days at a Dutch auction. The notes have a seven year maturity.

An elementary price index defined as the ratio of the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in
the two periods compared.

Those actors who have a particular obligation or responsibility to respect, promote and realize human rights and to abstain from human rights violations. The term is most commonly used to refer to State actors, but non-State actors can also be considered duty bearers. An obvious example is private armed forces or rebel groups, which under international law have a negative obligation to refrain from human rights violations. Depending on the context, individuals (i.e.,parents), local organizations, private companies, aid donors and international institutions can also be duty-bearers.

Dwellings are buildings that are used entirely or primarily as residences, including any associated structures, such as garages, and all permanent fixtures customarily installed in residences; movable structures, such as caravans, used as principal residences of households are included.

A dwelling is a room or suite of rooms and its accessories in a permanent building or structurally separated part thereof which by the way it has been built, rebuilt, converted, etc., is intended for private habitation. It should have a separate access to a street (direct or via a garden or grounds) or to a common space within the building (staircase, passage, gallery, etc.). Detached rooms for habitation which are clearly built, rebuilt, converted, etc., to be used as part of a dwelling should be counted as part of the dwelling

In dwelling construction four types of building activity are distinguished:
- new construction: the erection of an entirely new structure, whether or not the site on which it was built was previously occupied;
- restoration: repairs by which at least one dwelling or other structure is effectively reinstated and where substantial parts of the existing structure are used;
- extension: the enlargement of buildings by which space is added;
- conversion: structural changes carried out within a building

Classification recommended by the United Nations comprises: Occupied; Vacant; seasonally vacant; non-seasonally vacant; for rent; for sale; for demolition; other.

Dystrophic water is a shallow body of water that contains much humus and/or organic matter. The highly acidic water impairs fish life

The international "E" network consists of a system of reference roads as laid down in the European Agreement on Main International Arteries, Geneva, 15 November 1975 and its amendments.