Statistical Terms Glossary

Measurement descriptions used to verify the impact or the achievement of the project goal. Indicators must be quantifiable and documented. Impact indicators include target numbers and tracking systems. As of FY 2008, ANA requires three impact indicators per project. Impact indicators are separate from the results and benefits section of the OWP.

It describes how a natural capital impact arises as a result of business activities. It traces how a particular impact driver results in changes in natural capital and how these changes affect different stakeholders (including your own business).

An investment which has been reduced by losses or other distributions.

Problems in body function or body structure, such as a significant deviation or loss. Body functions are the physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions), and body structures are anatomical parts of the body, such as organs and limbs.

Loss in value of an investment.

Is the average number of years an individual is expected to live free of impairment if current patterns of mortality and impairment continue to apply.

A bond given to protect the recipient against loss in case the terms of a contract are not filled; a surety company assumes liability for non-performance.

Liabilities that reflect non-contractual obligations of government (e.g., potential liabilities arising in connection with financial sector restructuring).

Is an unstated edit derived logically from explicit edits that were written by a subject matter specialist.

An implicit price deflator (IPD) is obtained by dividing a current price value by its real counterpart (the chain volume measure). When calculated from the major national accounting aggregates such as GDP, IPDs relate to a broader range of goods and service in the economy than that represented by any of the individual price indexes (such as CPIs, PPIs).

Movements in an implicit price deflator reflect both changes in price and changes in the composition of the aggregate for which the deflator is calculated.

The implicit price index is the price index derived as the ratio of a value over a volume index.

The implicit price index based on constant exchange rates (or constant international prices) of period t is an aggregate price index derived as the ratio of a value index at constant exchange rates (or constant international prices) of period t-1 over a v

The implicit price index based on constant exchange rates (or constant international prices) of period t0 is an aggregate price index derived as the ratio of a value index at constant exchange rates (or constant international prices) of period t0 over a v

Inferring the change in the quality of a product whose characteristics change over time indirectly by estimating, or assuming, the ‘pure’ price change that has occurred. For example, if the pure price change is assumed to be equal to the average for some other group of products, the implied change in quality is equal to the actual observed price change divided by the assumed pure price change. If the whole of the observed price change is assumed to be pure price change, there is assumed to be no change in quality.

The ratio of the present value of costs of the commitment fee and loan spread to the present value of outstanding loan balances.

An implied conflict rule is a conflict rule which can be deduced from the explicitly given conflict rules.

An unstated edit derived logically from explicit edits that were written by a subject matter specialist.

Implied volatility is the value of the expected volatility imputed from an option pricing model such as the Black-Scholes formula, given the option price, the asset’s price, the exercise price, the time to maturity, and the risk-free interest rate.

An import coverage ratio is the share (or percentage) of a country’s own imports that is subject to a particular non tariff barrier, or any one of a specified group of non tariff barriers. They are calculated by attaching actual values to bilateral trade flows between various exporters and the importing country.

Import duties consist of customs duties, or other import charges, which are payable on goods of a particular type when they enter the economic territory

Measures changes in the prices of imports of merchandise into a country. The index numbers for each reference period relate to prices of imports landed into the country during the period.

Import quotas are restrictions on the quantity and or value of imports of specific commodities for some given time period, which are administered globally, selectively or bilaterally

Import subsidies consist of subsidies on goods and services that become payable to resident producers when the goods cross the frontier of the economic territory or when the services are delivered to resident institutional units

Consist of subsidies on goods and services that become payable when the goods cross the frontier of the economic territory or when the services are delivered to resident institutional units.

In choosing items within a basic heading to be priced, the importance of the item in terms of wide availability and use should be a leading criterion.

This method of sampling, used in Monte Carlo analysis, is to concentrate the distribution of sample points in those parts of the variety interval which are of greatest interest. It is a form of stratified sampling with variable sampling fraction.

Imports of goods and services consist of purchases, barter, or receipts of gifts or grants, of goods and services by residents from non- residents. The treatment of exports and imports in the System of National Accounts is generally identical with that in the balance of payments accounts as described in the Balance of Payments Manual.