Statistical Terms Glossary

Expenditure for keeping road vehicles in working order.

Expenditure for keeping roads in working order.

Non-capital expenditure to maintain the condition and capacity of the existing road infrastructure.

Non-capital expenditure to maintain railway vehicles in working order without improving their performance or capacity.

Expenditure for keeping railway vehicles in working order.

Non-capital expenditure to maintain seagoing vessels in working order without improving either their performance or their capacity.

Non-capital expenditure to maintain vessels in working order without improving their performance or capacity.

Expenditure for keeping vessels in working order.

Expenditure for keeping vessels in working order.

Describes a product whose intended use, performance characteristics, attributes, design properties or use of materials and components differ significantly compared with previously manufactured products. Such innovations can involve radically new technologies or can be based on combining existing technologies in new uses.

Major renovations or enlargements of fixed assets are activities which increase the performance or capacity of existing fixed assets or significantly extend their previously expected service lives and so are classified as part of gross fixed capital formation; the decision to renovate, reconstruct or enlarge a fixed asset is a deliberate investment decision which may be undertaken at any time and is not dictated by the condition of the asset (note the contrast between this item and “maintenance and repairs").

Conventional name describing various types of population groupings that are already in place and imposed on a data collection programme. They constitute standard aggregating levels of derived estimates for reporting purposes. Estimates are always produced atminor stratumand not at major stratum level.

Bodies of water large enough to be separately identified from the surrounding land. The size at which a water body can be considered “major” is dependent upon the resolution of the underlying land statistics. With the advent of geographic information systems technology and remotely sensed land statistics, it is possible to collect and manipulate large volumes of detailed land statistics. In countries in which these technologies are available, a “major” water body is likely to be defined to be smaller than in countries with more basic land statistics.

A single investor controls an enterprise by holding a majority (more than 50 %) of the voting power or of the shares, directly or indirectly. While majority ownership is the major criterion for determining control, it is not indispensable for exercising control. A government can exert control through a legislative decree or regulation, empowering it (the government) to determine the enterprise’s policy or to appoint (a majority of) directors

A dealer is said to make a market when he quotes bid and offered prices at which he stands ready to buy and sell.

The issuer of a debt instrument.

Biologically based references to the sex of a man.

An acronym that refers to someone who was assigned male sex at birth. It stands for Male-Assigned at Birth. This may also be expressed as Coercively Assigned Male at Birth (CAMAB).

A shopping centre or mall is a complex made up of retail shops and various service enterprises which is usually designed, planned, constructed and managed as a single unit. In most cases such complexes have their own car park. The whole complex, including the type of trading and size of outlets, is designed to cater either for the population within a given radius or the specific customer base for which, with an eye to the existing commercial environment, it was established.

Malnutrition means “badly nourished” but it is more than a measure of what we eat or fail to eat. Clinically, malnutrition is characterized by an inadequate intake of protein, energy and micronutrients and by frequent infections or disease. Nutritional status is the result of the complex interaction between the food we eat, our overall state of health and the environment in which we live – in short, food, health and caring, the three “pillars of well-being”.

Male human being; a person assigned a male sex at birth, or a person who defines himself as a man.

Ensemble des appareils de telecommunication qui sont installés chez un abonné et qui sont connectés au réseau d'un fournisseur de services.

Managed investment company is an investment company with a portfolio that may be altered at the discretion of the company’s portfolio manager. (Investments, W.F. Sharpe/G.J. Alexander)

Syndicated new money extended under the umbrella of IMF-supported restructuring packages.

An advisory approach to help producers improve their decision making and farm management including, for example, better crop management to improve food security, calibration of input use to reduce production costs, household budgeting to avoid debt and more efficient household labour use.

The legal entity which has been assigned by a State or States with a mandate to perform certain specified management functions in relation to a fishery, or an area (e.g. a coastal zone). Generally used to refer to a state authority, the term may also refer to an international management organisation.