Statistical Terms Glossary

When a parent company abroad is not owned more than 50% by another natural or legal person, the foreign parent and the ultimate beneficial owners are the same.

An investor (company or individual) is considered to be the ultimate control investor if it is at the head of a chain of companies and directly or indirectly controls all the enterprises in the chain without itself being controlled by another investor

See Ultimate control enterprise

See: Global decision centre

Geographic analysis of direct investment transactions is complicated by holding companies; that is, when the ultimate parent enterprise’s investment in a foreign country is held through another subsidiary in a third country. The compilation of foreign direct investment statistics on income and financial flows based on the ultimate source of such flows would require a basis for the recording of transactions other than the change-of-ownership principle that is recommended in the fifth edition of the IMF Balance of Payments Manual Therefore, direct investment flows should be compiled only in respect of the immediate host/investing country. The regional allocation of the international investment position statement should also be compiled on the basis of the immediate host or investing country. However, it is suggested that the stock of direct investment net assets could also be compiled in respect of the ultimate host or controlling country, as supplementary information.

Ultraviolet rays is radiation in the wavelength range between visible light and X—rays, divided into wave length bands A, B, C. Much of the ultraviolet radiation’s in bands B and C are prevented from reaching the earth’s surface by the ozone layer present in the atmosphere

One effective form of protection now being used in Chilean longline fishing for Patagonian toothfish is the so-called “umbrella system” in which the hooks are set in bunches shrouded by cone-shaped net sleeves that prevents birds from taking the bait when the longlines are dropped overboard.Although originally designed to reduce whale predation, the umbrellas have been very effective at reducing bird kills. Other measures include trailing aerial streamer lines to discourage birds from diving for trailing bait.

UN/CEFACT is the United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business. It is open to participation from Member States, intergovernmental organizations, and sectoral and industry associations recognized by the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations (ECOSOC). The Centre's objective is to be "inclusive" and it actively encourages organizations to contribute and help develop its recommendations and standards. The participation of many private-sector associations in UN/CEFACT's work at the policy level, and of hundreds of private-sector technical experts in UN/CEFACT working groups, is a unique feature of the Centre which is forging new cooperative relationships between private business and public organizations. Within the United Nations, UN/CEFACT is located in the Economic Commission for Europe (UN/ECE), which is part of the United Nations network of regional commissions

The United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations. It is a five-character code where the first two characters are the ISO 3166-1 alpha 2 country code, followed by a blank and three-character code for the location name within the country (UNECE Recommendation 16), together with Eurostat (Statistical Office of the European Union) supplied codes for ports not yet included in the United Nations system.

Discrepancy between water flows leaving the works and the total sum of all water received by the consumers; although mainly leakages, it include significant metering errors and unknown/illegal diversions. This concept is more commonly used for the drinking water sector.

The provision of access to both ends of the copper local loop on a permanent basis, allowing the installation of equipment for upgrading the local loop to provide DSL services or the lease of any such equipment which is already installed.

Is the regulatory process of allowing multiple telecommunications operators to use connections from the telephone exchange's central office to the customer's premises. The physical wire connection between customer and company is known as a "local loop", and it is owned by the incumbent local exchange carrier (also referred to as the "ILEC," "local exchange," or in the United States either a "Baby Bell" or an Independent telephone company). To increase competition, other providers are granted unbundled access.

The separation and separate evaluation of financial risks.

The amount of capital by which the total capital authorized by the stockholders exceeds the paid-up capital.

Uncompensated seizures occur when governments or other institutional units take possession of the assets of other institutional units, including non- resident units, without full compensation for reasons other than the payment of taxes, fines, or similar levies.

It is bounded below by an aquitard and has no overlying confining layer. Its upper boundary is the water level, which rises and falls freely.

HUEM: For the present survey, informal sector in Palestine was defined as all HUEMs without registration in the tax registration.

Unhedged (i.e., a liability exists in the long or short term, which is not covered by a corresponding position).

Having no deck. Used of a ship or boat.; Decked vessels are those that have a fixed structural deck covering the entire hull above the deepest operating waterline. Decked fishing vessels data include trawlers, purse seiners, gill netters, long liners, trap setters, other seiners and liners, multipurpose vessels, dredgers and other fishing vessels, and non-fishing vessels such as motherships, fish carriers, fishery research vessels, etc.

Low weight for age.

The probability of a child born in a specific year or period dying before reaching the age of five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of that period.

Failure to include required units in the frame, which results in .The absence of information for those units.