Statistical Terms Glossary

The main categories of employment in a railway enterprise are:
- General administration: including central and regional management staff (e.g. finance, legal, personnel, etc.) and boards of directors;
- Operations and traffic: including station staff, train crews and associated central and regional offices;
- Traction and rolling stock: including tractive units’ crews, workshop, inspection staff and associated central and regional offices;
- Maintenance and supervision: including staff-operating control and safety systems;
- Other operations: including passenger and goods road services, shipping services, electric power plants, hotel staff, etc.

Average number of persons working during a given period in a road transport enterprise (inclusive of working proprietors, partners working regularly in the enterprise and unpaid family workers), as well as persons working outside the enterprise but who belong to it and are directly paid by it.
Employment in a road transport enterprise may be categorized as follows:
- Drivers;
- Motor mechanics;
- Warehousemen;
- Fleet management staff;
- Other office workers.

Employment for a sea transport enterprise is categorized as follows:
- Officers;
- Ratings;
- Cadets and other trainees;
- Other vessel-based staff including restaurant and entertainment staff;
- Shore-based staff engaged in management, sales, passenger and cargo handling, etc.

The classification by economic activity refers to the main activity of the establishment in which a person worked during the reference period. The branch of economic activity of a person does not depend on the specific duties or functions of the person’s job, but on the characteristics of the economic unit in which this person works.

Information on occupation provides a description of the set of tasks and duties which are carried out by, or can be assigned to, one person. Employed persons are classified by occupations through their relationship to a present job.

Number of employed persons in the public sector, private sector, non-governmental organizations, international organizations and other sectors.

Employment for a port enterprise is categorised as follows: Port management and administration staff -Pilots and other ship based staff -Dock workers -Technical and maintenance personnel -Other.

Employment for a sea transport enterprise is categorised as follows: Officers -Ratings -Cadets and other trainees -Other vessel based staff including restaurant and entertainment staff -Shore based staff engaged in management, sales, passenger and cargo handling etc.

Any discrimination, exclusion or preference that weakens the implementation of equal opportunities or equal treatment in employment or profession.

They are expenses that behave on the sustaining of buses

Strategy backed by a legal guarantee given by government to provide paid employment to citizens. The objective of these programmes is to fulfil the right to work by providing government-paid jobs to people, thereby protecting them and their households from poverty and hunger

Employment in the informal sector comprises all persons who, during a given reference period, were employed in at least one informal enterprise, irrespective of their status in employment and whether it was their main or a secondary job.

All workers, irrespective of sex or other personal attributes, should be insured in case of an accident or disease resulting from employment. Convention No. 121 specifies that: National legislation concerning employment injury benefits shall protect all employees, including apprentices, in the public and private sectors, and co-operatives, and, in respect of the death of the breadwinner, prescribed categories of beneficiaries. The contingencies covered by the employment injury benefit system are:
(a) Medical care to maintain, restore or improve the ability to work;
(b) Incapacity for work involving suspension of earnings;
(c) Total or partial permanent loss of earning capacity;
(d) Loss of support suffered by dependants resulting from death.
In the case of incapacity for work, total loss of earning capacity or the death of a breadwinner, the benefit should be a periodical payment. These benefits should apply equally to women and men, but in practice, this is often not the case.
National policies and institutional mechanisms should aim at creating effective equality of treatment between women and men workers in this respect.

Refers both to regulations concerning hiring (e.g. rules favouring disadvantaged groups, conditions for using temporary or fixed-term contracts, training requirements) and firing (e.g. redundancy procedures, mandated prenotification periods and severance payments, special requirements for collective dismissals and short-time work schemes).

It refers to all types of employment protection measures, whether grounded primarily in legislation, court rulings, collectively bargained conditions of employment or customary practice.

Represent persons in employment as a percentage of the population of working age (15- 64 years).

Includes all the payments, in cash, in kind or in services, which are received, over a given reference period, by individuals for themselves or in respect of their family members, by virtue of their involvement in current or former paid employment jobs.

The status in employment refers to the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment that the incumbent of a job has with other persons or organizations. The basic criteria for classification are the type of economic risk, including the strength of attachment between the incumbent and the job, and the type of authority that the job incumbents have over enterprises and other workers. The 1993 ICSE distinguishes six groups: employees; employers; own-account workers; members of producers’ cooperatives; contributing family workers; and workers not classifiable by status.

The employment-to-population ratio expresses the number of persons World Health Organization [WHO] are employed as a percent of the total working age population.

Concerns women and girls gaining power and control over their own lives. It involves awareness-raising, building self-confidence, the expansion of choices and increased access to and control over resources and actions to transform the structures and institutions which reinforce and perpetuate gender discrimination and inequality. Statistics on the empowerment of women and girls should cover the following dimensions: (a) equal capabilities for women and men (such as education and health); (b) equal access to resources and opportunities for women and men (such as land, employment and credit); and (c) women’s agency to use these rights, capabilities, resources and opportunities to make strategic choices and decisions in all areas of life (such as political participation, decision-making in communities and intrahousehold decision making).

Refers to increasing the personal, political, social or economic strength of individuals and communities. Empowerment of women and girls concerns women and girls gaining power and control over their own lives. It involves awareness-raising, building self-confidence, expansion of choices, increased access to and control over resources and actions to transform the structures and institutions which reinforce and perpetuate gender discrimination and inequality.

A process through which people gain greater control over decisions and actions affecting their health. It may be a social, cultural, psychological or political process through which individuals and social groups are able to express their needs, present their concerns, devise strategies for involvement in decision-making, and achieve political, social and cultural action to meet those needs.

Any movement of a road vehicle for which the gross-gross weight of goods carried including that of equipment such as containers, swap bodies and pallets is nil; as well as any movement of motor-coaches, buses, trolleybuses and trams without any passenger.

Environments which support participation by removing barriers and providing enablers.

An XML standard for encoding archival finding aids, maintained by the Library of Congress in partnership with the Society of American Archivists.is a non-proprietary de facto standard for the encoding of finding aids for use in a networked (online) environment. Finding aids are inventories, indexes, or guides that are created by archival and manuscript repositories to provide information about specific collections. While the finding aids may vary somewhat in style, their common purpose is to provide detailed description of the content and intellectual organization of collections of archival materials. EAD allows the standardization of collection information in finding aids within and across repositories.

The use of cryptographic algorithms to encode clear text data (plaintext) into ciphertext to prevent unauthorised observation.